AGP Picks
View all

AGP Executive Report

Your go-to archive of top headlines, summarized for quick and easy reading.

Note: AI summary from news headlines; neutral sources weighted more to help reduce bias in the result. Feedback is welcome. Please let us know if you have any comments or suggestions about the AGP Executive Report.

Climate Preparedness: A fresh in-depth look warns Cambodia may face a “Super El Niño” in 2026, urging urgent readiness as rainfall and heat risks intensify. Waste & Public Health: Cambodia inaugurated a new landfill in Serei Saophoan (Banteay Meanchey) under the Tonle Sap Cities project, replacing open-burning dumping and adding leachate controls to cut pollution. Renewable Energy Finance: Energy Minister Keo Rottanak says Cambodia and the ADB are designing the SCALE initiative so local banks can finance renewables with clearer rules and risk-sharing. Energy Resilience: Cambodia is exposed to global oil price shocks, but is cushioning impacts through tariff cuts and shifting households toward electric cookstoves while keeping electricity prices stable. Conservation & Wildlife: A Cambodia-linked conservation story highlights the need to protect wildlife from habitat loss and trafficking pressures, while a separate report from India notes a vulnerable species is holding strong in protected habitats. Community Development in Protected Areas: The “Knong Psar model” frames eco- and community-led development—health, markets, trails, and visitor services managed by locals—to turn nature protection into livelihoods. HIV Progress: UNAIDS commended Cambodia for reaching the 95-95-95 HIV targets, with community-led testing and treatment support driving results.

Renewables & Energy Resilience: Cambodia’s energy minister says rising global fuel prices are hitting households and the economy, but the government is cushioning shocks via tariff cuts on oil and gas and incentives to shift away from gas, while renewables help keep electricity prices near pre-COVID levels. Green Finance: Cambodia and the ADB are designing the SCALE initiative to expand renewable-energy financing through local banks, with clearer rules, risk-sharing, and long-term funding. Waste & Pollution Control: A new landfill in Serei Saophoan (Banteay Meanchey) under the Tonle Sap Cities project is set to cut pollution, stop open burning, and improve leachate control for seven communes through 2040. Youth & Plastic Reduction: KOICA-backed training in Phnom Penh taught 200 students environmental education and basic photography to support school-based plastic waste reduction and a 4R photo competition. Climate Mobilisation: The Environment Ministry is urging nationwide rainy-season tree planting, offering 5 million free saplings and aiming for at least one million trees annually. Biodiversity & Wildlife Awareness: A wildlife hero story highlights the scale of animal loss from habitat destruction, trafficking, and pollution—an urgent reminder for conservation action.

Renewables & Finance: Cambodia is pushing renewable energy resilience, with Energy Minister Keo Rottanak saying local banks will play a bigger role in financing clean projects as Cambodia and the ADB design the SCALE initiative to reduce reliance on foreign lenders. Waste & Pollution Control: A new landfill in Serei Saophoan (Banteay Meanchey) under the Tonle Sap Cities project is set to cut pollution and open the door for better recycling, replacing an older open-dumping site linked to open burning and contaminated seepage. Climate Mobilization: The Ministry of Environment is urging nationwide rainy-season tree planting, aiming for at least one million trees annually and distributing millions of saplings through regional nurseries. Biodiversity & Wildlife: A spotlight on wildlife rescue and the scale of animal decline highlights how habitat loss, trafficking, and pollution are driving species toward extinction. Health & HIV: Cambodia marked a major public health milestone as the first Asia-Pacific country to achieve UNAIDS 95-95-95 HIV targets, with UNAIDS praising community-led testing and treatment support. Tourism & Nature Spotlight: Koh Rong appears on a global “best beaches” list, putting Cambodia’s coastal nature in the spotlight. Youth Environmental Action: A KOICA-supported training for Phnom Penh students used basic photography to tackle urban plastic waste and promote 4R habits. Clean Transport Signal: Cambodia Airways received its first ATR 72-600, marketed as lower-fuel and lower-emissions for short-haul routes.

Climate Action & Forests: Cambodia’s Environment Ministry is urging everyone to join a nationwide rainy-season tree-planting push to boost forest cover and climate resilience, aiming for at least one million trees per year and offering 5 million free saplings, with five regional nurseries set to supply seedlings. Youth & Plastic Pollution: KOICA, CAMKAA and the Phnom Penh Department of Environment wrapped an 11-day training for 200 high school students on environmental education and basic photography, focusing on school-based plastic waste reduction through a photo competition under Cambodia’s 4R approach. Wildlife & Protected Lands Enforcement: The Ministry of Environment reported 896 natural resource crimes from January to May 2026, including forestry, land encroachment, wildlife and fishing violations, while advocates warn enforcement must go after the interests behind large-scale deforestation. Regional Environmental Justice: ASEAN adopted a Declaration on the Right to a Safe, Clean, Healthy and Sustainable Environment, but a new commentary stresses the real test now is implementation and protecting frontline communities. Low-Emission Transport: Cambodia Airways received its first ATR 72-600, which it says uses less fuel and cuts carbon emissions per trip to support more short-haul routes.

Tree-planting Push: Cambodia’s Environment Ministry is urging everyone—from students and monks to businesses—to join a nationwide rainy-season campaign to plant at least one million trees, with 5 million free saplings and regional nurseries set up to keep supplies steady. Wildlife & Forest Enforcement: Authorities recorded 896 natural resource crimes in the first five months of 2026, including forestry, land encroachment, wildlife and fishing violations, but activists warn enforcement must also tackle the interests behind large-scale deforestation. Climate-Smart Farming Debate: Editorials highlight how agricultural pesticides and fertilizers can threaten the planet and food security as climate change reshapes pest and disease risks—calling for crop protection without environmental harm. Water & Weather Resilience: Cambodia’s water and meteorology ministry met Singapore’s ambassador, stressing water security, weather forecasting and early warnings to build resilience to climate change. Zero-Waste Messaging: Cambodia continues climate action campaigns tied to daily habits like cutting plastic use, alongside broader “green transition” calls for real on-the-ground steps.

Million-Tree Push: Cambodia’s Environment Minister Eang Sophalleth urged the public to join the annual campaign to plant at least 1 million trees, with 5 million saplings prepared for free distribution and regional nurseries producing millions to expand forest cover and support climate goals. Wildlife & Forest Enforcement: The Ministry of Environment reported 896 natural resource crimes from January to May 2026, including forestry violations, land encroachment, wildlife crimes and illegal fishing, while activists warned enforcement must also tackle powerful interests behind deforestation. Zero-Waste/Climate Policy Context: Editorial coverage highlights Cambodia’s green transition as moving beyond paper commitments toward concrete climate action, including fertilizer and plastic-use impacts on health and ecosystems. EVs & Energy Transition: Environment-focused reporting also points to Cambodia’s push for electric vehicles as part of climate action and environmental protection. Climate Risk Backdrop: A World Bank warning says fuel-price shocks could push about 1.1 million more people into poverty, underscoring how climate-linked economic pressures can hit households hardest.

Climate & Food Security: The World Bank warns Cambodia could see about 1.1 million more people fall into poverty if fuel prices keep climbing, with a 60% fuel jump potentially lifting poverty by over six points, as growth slows and shocks pile up. Clean Transport: Cambodia’s environment ministry is pushing EV adoption, signing an MoU to expand charging infrastructure and use tax incentives to shift the fleet toward battery-powered vehicles. Health & Environment Link: The health ministry calls for modernised infectious disease surveillance, urging lab upgrades, better digital reporting, and stronger One Health coordination across human, animal, and environmental risks. Forced Labour Trade Scrutiny: Cambodia’s Ministry of Commerce says it will cooperate with a US Trade Representative forced-labour import investigation, stressing the need for cross-border information-sharing to trace complex supply chains. Zero-Waste & Climate Messaging: Cambodia continues climate action messaging through “Clean Cambodia, Khmer Can Do” and zero-waste push efforts, including plastic reduction campaigns. EVs in the Spotlight: The EV push also includes public encouragement to adopt electric vehicles as part of broader climate and cleanliness goals. Borneo Activism Lessons: An analysis revisits how Indigenous-led resistance helped defeat the Baram Dam in Borneo, highlighting strategies that could inspire environmental activism elsewhere. Conservation & Nature Culture: Cardamom Tented Camp announces an artist-in-residence programme in Botum Sakor’s indigenous forest, using nature immersion to shape environmental art.

EV Transition: Cambodia’s Environment Ministry signed an MoU to accelerate electric vehicles with tax incentives and expanded charging infrastructure, framing EVs as key to cutting transport pollution and climate impacts. Health Security: The Health Ministry urged modernising infectious disease surveillance by expanding laboratories, upgrading digital reporting, and boosting training, with a One Health push linking human, animal and environmental health. Climate & Water Stress: Scientists warn four major world rivers are nearing potentially irreversible damage as climate change disrupts water levels, underscoring the wider risks Cambodia faces from extreme weather. Conservation & Nature: Cardamom Tented Camp in Botum Sakor national park launched an artist-in-residence programme inviting Khmer artists to create work inspired by indigenous forest nature and human–nature coexistence. Regional Policy Dialogue: Cambodia used the ASEAN Future Forum in Hanoi to stress peace, economic cooperation and people-centred development, while also highlighting practical implementation of ASEAN commitments. Trade & Shocks: The World Bank flagged rising fuel costs, migrant worker returns and domestic credit strains as mounting pressures on jobs and households.

EV Push & Clean Transport: Cambodia’s Environment Minister Eang Sophalleth signed an MoU to accelerate electric vehicles, pairing tax incentives with expanded charging infrastructure to cut emissions and fuel-powered pollution. Health Security: The Health Ministry urged modernising infectious disease surveillance by expanding labs, upgrading digital platforms, and training staff to detect outbreaks faster and strengthen One Health links. Climate-Resilient Planning: The World Bank warned Cambodia faces overlapping shocks—higher fuel prices, returning migrant workers, and tighter credit—raising pressure on jobs and livelihoods. ASEAN-China Media Cooperation: Cambodia outlined three priorities for ASEAN-China media ties: information integrity, digital capacity building, and people-centred storytelling to handle cross-border digital challenges. ASEAN Future Forum 2026: PM Hun Manet used the Hanoi forum to stress peace, economic cooperation, and people-centred development, warning peace can’t be taken for granted amid cyber and information threats. Marine & Nature Angle: A Cambodia-based eco-lodge in Botum Sakor National Park launched an artist-in-residence programme focused on nature-inspired work and workshops.

EV Transition Push: Cambodia’s environment minister urged citizens and businesses to switch to electric vehicles, citing cleaner air and lower fossil-fuel dependence, as EV registrations continue to rise. Climate-Linked Safety Alert: A lightning strike in Kampong Speu killed three farmers and injured two, with officials linking more erratic rainy-season weather to climate change. Zero-Waste Mobilisation: Cambodia’s “Clean Cambodia, Khmer Can Do” campaign framed litter control as a climate action step—cutting methane from dumps and pollution from burning waste. Marine Protection Partnership: Cambodia and China highlighted expanding cooperation on marine ecological protection, coral and coastal ecosystem work, and joint monitoring under ocean-management agreements. Circular Conservation Check: International experts completed a week-long review of restoration and conservation progress at Angkor and Sambor Prei Kuk ahead of technical meetings. Tourism & Jobs in Focus: Authorities reviewed over $39M in projects to reshape Koh Rong and boost coastal tourism investment, aiming for about 1,000 jobs. Trade & Logistics Connectivity: Vietnam and Cambodia moved to deepen cross-border economic integration, including expressway progress and cleaner-energy and logistics cooperation. Food Rescue with ESG Angle: Government invited more partners to join a food bank initiative aimed at reducing food waste and supporting vulnerable communities.

Climate Heat & Risk: NASA-backed reporting says Earth is warming fast, with Copernicus data pointing to record global heat and Cambodia also hitting a new national high of 42.8°C in recent years—raising the stakes for local heat and disaster preparedness. Zero-Waste Push: Cambodia’s “Clean Cambodia, Khmer Can Do” and “Today I Will Not Use Plastic Bags” drive is credited with 14 million pledges and major cuts in plastic bag use, alongside plans to expand waste-separation bins nationwide. EVs for Cleaner Air: Environment Minister Eang Sophalleth urged a shift to electric vehicles, citing Cambodia’s NDC goals and recent registration figures for EVs and electric two- and three-wheelers. Marine Protection Partnership: Cambodia and China reaffirmed cooperation on marine ecological protection, coral reef conservation, ocean observation, and mangrove work under Lancang-Mekong frameworks. Border Pollution Control: Takeo Governor ordered stricter inspections of imported goods at Cambodia–Vietnam checkpoints to protect consumers and curb unsafe trade. Typhoon Naming Update: New 2026 tropical cyclone names were approved for the region, with Cambodia listed among contributing countries. Circular Economy Angle: Cambodia’s media also highlighted growing interest in electronics buyback and recycling models as e-waste concerns rise.

Climate Action Mobilisation: Cambodia’s “Clean Cambodia, Khmer Can Do” campaign is pushing climate action through everyday clean-up habits, with organisers citing links between litter, methane from decomposing waste, and pollution that worsens flooding risks. Zero-Waste Push: National and World Environment Day events highlighted progress on cutting plastic bag use and expanding waste-sorting bins across schools, health centres, pagodas and welfare facilities. Plastic Cleanup at Tonlé Sap: In Kampong Khleang, Sout Nikom district, authorities and partners collected about 40 tonnes of plastic waste over five months and urged residents and visitors to stop dumping into Tonlé Sap Lake. Wildlife Survey in Protected Areas: A new survey in Veun Sai Siem Pang National Park recorded 47 species, including seven threatened mammals, strengthening the case for tougher protection. Disaster Readiness: Cambodia’s labour authorities urged employers to make reasonable, flexible work arrangements after tropical cyclones or rainstorms. Weather Outlook: Forecasts for June 7–9 warn of rain with gusty winds and thunderstorms in multiple provinces, including coastal areas. Conservation & Community: A WWF-backed project in Vietnam aims to protect endangered elephant herds, and Cambodia-linked efforts include GPS tracking support for at least one elephant. Regional Cooperation: Cambodia’s PM visit and Vietnam-Cambodia ties were highlighted alongside broader ASEAN engagement.

Marine Protection Partnership: Cambodia’s Environment Minister Eang Sophalleth says Cambodia and China are expanding cooperation on marine ecological protection, coral reef conservation, ocean observation and forecasting, plus mangrove work under the Lancang-Mekong framework—aiming to tackle marine plastic pollution and strengthen climate resilience. Wildlife Conservation: A new survey in Veun Sai–Siem Pang National Park recorded 47 species, including seven threatened mammals (from banteng to clouded leopard), using camera traps in 2025 to guide future protection. Zero-Waste Push: On World Environment Day, Cambodia reports major progress under “Today I Do Not Use Plastic Bags” and “Clean Cambodia, Khmer Can Do It,” including 83% cuts in plastic bag imports/production and large-scale waste separation and wastewater treatment efforts. Community Cleanup in Tonle Sap: Siem Reap’s Kampong Khleang campaign collected about 40 tonnes of plastic waste over five months, urging residents and visitors to stop dumping into Tonle Sap Lake. Climate-Ready Farming Tools: MAFF and partners launched the Cam Agri Hub website to deliver climate and weather advisories plus rice-based farming guidance for Tonle Sap communities. Education for Sustainability: Deputy PM Hang Chuon Naron presided over the CoolThink@JC computational thinking rollout in primary schools, linking tech learning with Cambodia’s sustainable growth goals.

Marine Governance & Oceans: Cambodia’s Environment Minister Eang Sophalleth says China’s growing role in global marine governance and ocean protection is a constructive partner move, highlighting China’s ratification of the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction agreement. Rural Resilience & Water: An inter-ministerial tri-sector working group met to push rural livelihoods and water infrastructure, including plans for new target communities and feasibility work on water reservoirs for cattle feed cultivation. Zero-Waste Push: On National/World Environment Day, Cambodia reported major progress under “Zero Waste,” including a sharp drop in plastic bag use, wider waste-separation bin rollout, and wastewater treatment before discharge. Climate-Smart Farming: MAFF and partners launched the Cam Agri Hub digital platform to help rice farmers access climate and weather advisories plus farming and market guidance. Wildlife Protection: A Veun Sai–Siem Pang National Park study found nearly 50 wildlife species, including seven threatened mammals, based on 2025 camera-trap surveys. Land & Environment Disputes: In Preah Vihear, residents met authorities over alleged land clearing and environmental damage tied to large concessions involving China Great Cause and Global Green. Plastic Waste & Circular Economy: A science-policy dialogue at ITC focused on plastic waste management toward a circular economy, with calls to link academia, industry, and government. Community Livelihoods: Germany reaffirmed support for Cambodia’s waste management, plastic recycling, and biodiversity conservation efforts in Koh Sralao, tied to climate action goals. Tourism Investment: Preah Sihanouk reviewed $39M in projects to boost Koh Rong’s tourism, aiming to create about 1,000 jobs. Weather Watch: Forecasts for 6–8 June point to scattered rain and thunderstorms across lowlands, highlands, and coastal areas.

Zero-Waste Push: Cambodia marked National and World Environment Day with a “Zero Waste” push, reporting major progress on cutting plastic bag use (down 83% via “Today I Will Not Use Plastic Bags”), expanding waste-separation bins, and scaling water-quality monitoring and wastewater treatment. Wildlife & Biodiversity: A new study for Veun Sai–Siem Pang National Park recorded nearly 50 wildlife species, including seven threatened mammals, using camera-trap surveys from Jan–Aug 2025. Climate-Smart Farming: MAFF and partners launched the Cam Agri Hub website to help farmers access climate and weather advisories plus rice-based guidance and market info. Media Ethics for Rights: The Ministry of Information reviewed draft guidelines for news reporting to protect women, children, and persons with disabilities, aiming to strengthen ethical journalism. Land Disputes in Preah Vihear: Residents met authorities and companies over long-running land conflicts tied to large concessions, with allegations of cleared farmland and environmental harm. Plastic & Circular Economy Learning: A science-policy workshop focused on plastic waste management toward a circular economy, alongside calls to bridge research, industry, and government. Agriculture Access Online: An online advice service was launched to improve farmers’ access to agriculture support. Weather Outlook: Forecasts for 6–8 June point to scattered rain and thunderstorms across lowlands, highlands, and coastal areas.

Climate Action by Daily Habits: Cambodia’s “Today I Do Not Use Plastic Bag” campaign links everyday choices to climate impacts by cutting fossil-fuel-based plastic production and reducing waste and pollution. Wildlife Conservation: On World Environment Day, a new study using camera traps in Veun Sai–Siem Pang National Park recorded nearly 50 wildlife species, including seven threatened mammals such as the Sunda pangolin, crested gibbon, and clouded leopard. Zero Waste Push: The Ministry of Environment marked National and World Environment Day with a “Zero Waste” theme, urging stronger public participation and circular-economy approaches to curb rising solid and liquid waste. Germany–Cambodia Green Economy Support: Germany, via GIZ, reaffirmed backing for municipal solid waste management, plastic recycling, and biodiversity conservation around Koh Sralao in Koh Kong, aligned with Cambodia’s NDC 3.0. Climate-Smart Education: UNESCO and Cambodia’s education ministry rolled out a Climate Change Education package to help teachers integrate climate action across subjects. Rights & Environment Defenders: Civil society renewed calls to free five imprisoned Mother Nature Cambodia activists, highlighting continued pressure on environmental defenders. Tourism & Investment with Environmental Stakes: Preah Sihanouk reviewed $39M in Koh Rong projects aimed at jobs and eco-oriented tourism development. Weather Alert: Forecasts for 6–8 June point to rain with thunder in many lowland provinces and coastal areas, with higher coastal rain chances.

Zero Waste Push: Cambodia marked Environment Day 2026 under the “Zero Waste” theme, with the Environment Ministry calling for stronger public action and circular economy practices, as officials link waste reduction to the Pentagonal Strategy Phase I and Vision 2050. Climate-Smart Teaching: UNESCO and Cambodia’s Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport rolled out a Climate-Smart Education Systems initiative, training teacher educators to weave climate change into everyday lessons. Wastewater & Health Costs: A new editorial argues wastewater treatment is cheaper than treating pollution-linked illness, warning that untreated waste spreads through water, crops and people. German Support for Biodiversity & Waste: Germany, via GIZ, reaffirmed backing for municipal solid waste management, plastic reduction and conservation of Koh Sralao in Koh Kong, aligned with Cambodia’s NDC 3.0. Angkor Skills for Conservation: Park Hyatt Siem Reap partnered with World Monuments Fund to fund a six-month heritage foreman training for Angkor Archaeological Park, plus small-scale learning for guests. Garment Decarbonisation Opportunity: A report says Cambodia’s relatively clean grid could help garment exporters meet global decarbonisation demands and attract investment. Rights for Environmental Defenders: Civil society renewed calls to free imprisoned Mother Nature Cambodia activists, framing the case as pressure on environmental defenders.

Water Pollution & Health: A new editorial argues that paying for wastewater treatment is cheaper than paying for disease, warning that untreated liquid waste spreads through rivers, crops, fisheries and drinking water—raising risks from infections to long-term illnesses including cancer. Climate Justice & Rights: Rights groups renewed calls to free jailed Cambodian environmental activists from Mother Nature Cambodia, saying the case is retaliation for activism and that appeals have been stalled. Climate Resilience: Cambodia launched an “Advancing Early Warning for All” project to strengthen multi-hazard early warning systems for storms, floods, droughts and lightning in four high-risk provinces, aiming to protect vulnerable communities. Animal Welfare & Wildlife Crime: FOUR PAWS introduced an online reporting tool to document the dog and cat meat trade, focusing on pet theft, slaughterhouses and transport to support awareness and public health dialogue. Sustainable Tourism: Khiri Travel released an impact report highlighting GSTC certification across eight destinations including Cambodia and community conservation support. Environment & Governance: Cambodia and China signed LMC Special Fund 2026 agreements worth about $1.98m for projects including rural water, health, tourism digitalisation and green technology capacity.

Mekong Cooperation: Cambodia and China signed an agreement for seven projects under the Mekong-Lancang Cooperation (MLC) Special Fund 2026, covering poverty alleviation, shared water, health, tourism digitalisation, green technology capacity, and water data—continuing support for regional development and integration. Climate Preparedness: Cambodia launched the “Advancing Early Warning for All” project in four high-risk provinces (Ratanakiri, Kratie, Stung Treng, Banteay Meanchey) to strengthen multi-hazard alerts for storms, floods, droughts and lightning, with support from UNDP and the Green Climate Fund. Water & Health Risk: An editorial warns that untreated liquid waste can carry toxic chemicals and heavy metals into rivers and groundwater, raising long-term cancer risks through drinking water, fish consumption and irrigated crops. Wildlife Debate: A tiger reintroduction plan for the Cardamom Mountains is drawing scrutiny over habitat readiness, prey density, and threats like snaring, deforestation and hydropower, with concerns that communities near release areas were not properly informed. Animal Welfare & Trade: FOUR PAWS introduced an online reporting tool to document the dog and cat meat trade, including pet theft and slaughterhouse activity, aiming to support awareness and evidence-based dialogue. Tourism & Environment: The government is studying support for a new eco-tourism community at Te Teuk Pus Hot Spring in Kampong Speu, with plans to train locals and push proper waste disposal to protect the natural site.

Climate Resilience: Cambodia launched the “Advancing Early Warning for All” project, a five-year push (2026-2030) to strengthen multi-hazard alerts for storms, floods, droughts and lightning across Ratanakiri, Kratie, Stung Treng and Banteay Meanchey, aiming to help communities act earlier as climate risks rise. Eco-Tourism & Local Protection: Prime Minister Hun Manet backed Kampong Speu’s Knong Psar and Te Teuk Pus as model eco-tourism sites, calling for better visitor facilities that blend with nature, improved water access, and strict waste disposal to keep core areas public and protected. Water & Health Costs: An editorial warns that untreated wastewater is not just an environmental issue but a public health and economic burden, linking pollution to higher cancer risk and long-term damage to fisheries, farming and local economies. ASEAN Trade & Sustainability: Cambodia took the chair for the 35th ASEAN Customs Directors-General Meeting, with officials stressing resilience and sustainable development as regional integration deepens. Garment Decarbonisation: A report highlights how Cambodia’s relatively clean electricity and renewable growth could help the garment sector meet global low-carbon supply-chain demands. Labour Rights: The ILO flagged gaps in maternity benefits across ASEAN, noting that women in informal work and migrant workers still face limited access to protection and healthcare support.

Sign up for:

Environmental Press Cambodia

The daily local news briefing you can trust. Every day. Subscribe now.

By signing up, you agree to our Terms & Conditions.

Share this page:

Sign up for:

Environmental Press Cambodia

The daily local news briefing you can trust. Every day. Subscribe now.

By signing up, you agree to our Terms & Conditions.